Outlining individual rights and responsibilities relating to legal matters

Summary for working conditions and pay issues from 'On The Job'

Rights  and responsibilities about working conditions:
Working conditions are determined by National Employment Standards, Awards or an employment contract. Some types of jobs are covered by National Employment Standards and Awards which are the minimum working conditions set by the federal government, called Fair Work.  All employee will have employment contract which sets out the other conditions of  the work.
The National Employment Standards contain 10 minimum employment conditions that an full time or part time employee is entitled to. These include Maximum weekly hours of work,  Requests for flexible working arrangements, Annual leave, Personal / carer’s leave and compassionate leave, Community service leave, Long service leave, Public holidays, Notice of termination and redundancy pay, and Provision of a Fair Work Information Statement. Casual employee is only entitled to some of them.
Rights and responsibilities about pay issues:
Your pay rate and conditions of your job are listed in the contract of employment which is signed before starting your job. The award sets out the minimum rate of pay for employees working in a specific job and classification.  To find out your minimum rate of pay and you are covered by a modern award or not, you can use the PayCheck tool at Fair Work Online.
Employers are required to give you a payslip which sets out the gross and net amount paid, the pay rate, superannuation and tax and other deductions made, the date of payment, the period that the payslip covers and any bonuses or allowances paid. A payslip must be given within one day of being paid which can be paper or electronic. You should be paid at least once a month. How often you are paid, and the method will be set out in your award. If you believe you've been underpaid, you can complain to the Fair Work Ombudsman (FWO).

Nelson Mandela's achievements

1942 - graduated from university and qualified in law
1961 - the formation of Umkhonto we Sizwe
1963 - His statement from the dock received considerable international publicity
1964-1982  Nelson Mandela's reputation grew steadily
1991 - elected President of the ANC.
1993 - The Nobel Peace Prize

Nelson Mandela Time Line

1918           - bron in Transkei, South Africa
1942           - graduated from University College of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand and qualified in law
1944           - joined African National Congress
1948           - against the ruling National Party's apartheid policies
1956-1961  - on trial
1961           - acquitted
1962           - arrested and sentenced to five years' imprisonment
1964           - sentenced to life imprisonment
1964-1982  - in prison
1990           - released
1991           - elected President of the ANC

Areas of Nurses occupation

Reasons Cause Children Overweight and Obese

Newspaper Article--Health records rollout 'lacking in standards'

Source: The Australian  13 September 2011 page 30

Notes:

• Personal e-health records not standards lead to massive costs and risks
• Technical standards not be decided, important to have reference to appropriate standards for such national project.   
• Ongoing costs are high.
•  The Medical Association concerned about key issues.
• Electronic records are good to share information but not only source.
• Doctor said patient can edit from system will end up usefulness.

Summary:

The revised concept of operations for personal e-health record system did not have standards would lead to massive costs and risks. The technical standards of the document are not decided yet. An MSIA representative indicated that such a national project need to reference to appropriate standards.
Onging costs will be high.  The Medical Association concerned that key issue had not be listed and said that electronic records were good to share information but not the only accurate source for doctors.  Doctor said that patient could edit personal record from system will end up information usefulness.

Personal Reflections:

I seldom use e-health system before.  I thinks if the information can be secured correctly input. It can help doctors to get patients detail more easily.  Of course, government should carefully plan before any program implement. Otherwise it will waste a lot of money.  The recent government seems did not take a serious look before decision such as asylum seeker's issue.    



Obesity

What is obesity?
Obesity is overweight which is an excessive body fat.

What are the reasons for obesity in children?

1. unhealthy food choices,
2.  lack of physical activity
3. unhealthy family eating habits normally form fat parents,
4. Genetics from overweight parents

Is obesity only a national problem?
No. it is a worldwide problem.

What do statistics show?

1. Statistics show that overweight number doubled for 7-15 years olds from 1985 to 1995.
2. Numbers of obese children tripled at this period.
3. It is estimated 65% of young Australians will be obese by 2020

What is making the obesity problem worse?
Changing society is making the obesity problem worse. That is eatting more, activting less, more eating outside, having more energy-dense foods and drinks, more income to buy foods, less house work and less physical education in school,

Does obesity have an impact on children's health?
Yes

If yes, explain how?

Potential health problems in adulthood will be found in obese children. These include: Type 2 diabetes,Eating disorders, Orthopaedic disorders, Liver problems, cluding fatty liver, Respiratory disorders, Sleep apnoea and Cardiomyopathy.

What are the other impacts caused by obesity in children?

1.  About 80% obese children will become obese adults.
2. Obese children have low self-esteem so other children may not aspect them. It is difficult to make friends and competency at school.
3. It will increase the risk of a range of diseases and disorders in adulthood.

What is the treatment?

Changing to healthy lifestyle and dietary patterns
See your doctor